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Negro Baseball Leagues
Satch, Dizzy & rapid Robert : the wild saga of interracial baseball before Jackie Robinson
Timothy M. Gay.
New York : Simon & Schuster, c2010.
Before Jackie Robinson integrated major league baseball in 1947, black and white ballplayers had been playing against one another for decades—even, on rare occasions, playing with each other. Interracial contests took place during the off-season, when major leaguers and Negro Leaguers alike fattened their wallets by playing exhibitions in cities and towns across America. These barnstorming tours reached new heights, however, when Satchel Paige and other African- American stars took on white teams headlined by the irrepressible Dizzy Dean. Lippy and funny, a born showman, the native Arkansan saw no reason why he shouldn’t pitch against Negro Leaguers. Paige, who feared no one and chased a buck harder than any player alive, instantly recognized the box-office appeal of competing against Dizzy Dean’s "All-Stars." Paige and Dean both featured soaring leg kicks and loved to mimic each other’s style to amuse fans. Skin color aside, the dirt-poor Southern pitchers had much in common.Historian Timothy M. Gay has unearthed long-forgotten exhibitions where Paige and Dean dueled, and he tells the story of their pioneering escapades in this engaging book. Long before they ever heard of Robinson or Larry Doby, baseball fans from Brooklyn to Enid, Oklahoma, watched black and white players battle on the same diamond. With such Hall of Fame teammates as Josh Gibson, Turkey Stearnes, Mule Suttles, Oscar Charleston, Cool Papa Bell, and Bullet Joe Rogan, Paige often had the upper hand against Diz. After arm troubles sidelined Dean, a new pitching phenom, Bob Feller—Rapid Robert—assembled his own teams to face Paige and other blackballers. By the time Paige became Feller’s teammate on the Cleveland Indians in 1948, a rookie at age forty-two, Satch and Feller had barnstormed against each other for more than a decade.These often obscure contests helped hasten the end of Jim Crow baseball, paving the way for the game’s integration. Satchel Paige, Dizzy Dean, and Bob Feller never set out to make social history—but that’s precisely what happened. Tim Gay has brought this era to vivid and colorful life in a book that every baseball fan will embrace.
     
Black Barons of Birmingham : the south's greatest Negro League team and its players
Larry Powell ; foreword by Clayton Sherrod.
Jefferson, N.C. : McFarland & Co., c2009.
A unique approach to the history of a Negro League team: The first half of this book covers the leagues and the players of the 1920s, the 1930s, and 1940 through 1947 (when Robinson broke the color barrier). The second half is devoted to the Black Barons of subsequent decades, the former Barons invited to tryout camps, others who were signed with minor league clubs, and the fortunate few who got their long-awaited chance in the majors.
     
Willie's boys : the 1948 Birmingham Black Barons, the last Negro League world series, and the making of a baseball legend
John Klima.
Hoboken, N.J. : John Wiley & Sons, c2009.
Willie's Boys captures the first incredible steps of a baseball superstar at the twilight of the Negro Leagues. It is a character-rich narrative of the apprenticeship Mays had at the hands of a diverse group of baseball veterans who taught him the way of the game and the world. His teammates inspired a formative first season for Mays, one that led directly to his rise from obscurity and his later debut for the New York Giants.
     
The early image of black baseball : race and representation in the popular press, 1871-1890
James E. Brunson III.
Jefferson, N.C. : McFarland & Co., c2009.
This volume examines early black baseball as it was represented in the artwork and written accounts of the popular press. From contemporary postbellum articles, illustrations, photographs and woodcuts, a unique image of the black athlete emerges, one that was not always positive but was nonetheless central in understanding the evolving black image in American culture. Chapters cover press depictions of championship games, specific teams and athletes, and the fans and culture surrounding black baseball. Book jacket.
     

In 1920 Rube Foster formed the first official Negro Baseball League, the Negro National League (NNL), in Kansas City. 

Special games

The National Negro League (NNL) and Eastern Colored League (ECL) inaugurated a World Series in 1924. 

In 1933 over 20,000 fans attended the first East-West All-Star game at Chicago's Comiskey Park.

Negro League Baseball Timeline

During the next 40 years the NNL and other black baseball leagues throughout the country provided Americans with some of the best baseball games and players ever seen on the diamond. 

Names of the most successful leagues in addition to the NNL were the Eastern Colored League (formed in 1923), American Negro League (formed in 1929), and Negro American League (formed in 1937). 

St. Louis had a team as early as 1922.  Originally known at the St. Louis Giants, the team became the the Saint Louis Stars.  The Stars played twelve seasons (1922-31, 1937, 1939) winning championships in 1928, 1930, and 1931.  Well-known players included speedster James "Cool Papa" Bell, George Scales, George "Mule" Suttles, and Willie "Devil" Wells. 

In 1947 Jackie Robinson signed a contract with the Brooklyn Dodgers, becoming the first black baseball player to cross the color barrier.  Although the Negro League continued until 1960, Robinson's success marked the beginning of the end for the Negro Baseball League.

Today the Negro Leagues Baseball Museum (Kansas City), Negro League Baseball Players Association and Negro League Baseball.com work to keep alive the history and stories of the men (and yes women) who played in the leagues.  

Article by: St. Louis Public Library staff